Stuart....you asked about help with some of your Apisto species. I began having "luck" when I 1) started feeding live foods......baby brine 2-3 times a day, daphnia 1 time a day when availiable, adult brine (feed spirulina before feeding to the fish) 2-3 time a week, and on very occasional occasions when I know the black worms are CLEAN!!!!! 2-3 times a week. And 2) lowered my pH to 4.8-6.0......depending on the fish. (A.borellii about 5.5-6.0)........and lowering the hardness(conductivity) to the numbers you talked about, or less. A good start for mixing distilled with regular water might be 50/50 and work from there........but remember, pH will not be affected by lowering the hardness. You must do that yourself. Honestly Stuart...........get an R.O. unit. I know they're expensive but it will solve all sorts of apisto problems. Remember.....these numbers are all relative, but they are the numbers that I use for the most part. I've learned that the apisto's can actually take numbers far below those I've spoken of.......but for the moment I've talked too long. Have a good day.....the lowering of the pH and hardness WILL trigger a spawn.........I almost guarantee it......:-) Mike