In a message dated 97-11-01 14:08:50 EST, Brian writes: << > IMHO, the UGF has another major flaw in that it limits your choice of >substrate. As a basic substrate, sand is *much* better than gravel. >Plants don't like gravel, and any fish that has a relationship with >the substrate doesn't like it; they much prefer sand. In the early eighties, I knew a fellow in Welland, Ontario who had two trios of what we thought we A. borrellii, but I now suspect were actually A. viejeta. He had them in tanks with sand substrates and sponges. He couldn't get them to spawn. I made a deal to trade one trio for some aggie and bitaenniata fry, took them home, put them in a tank with lots of healthy plants planted in the gravel of my UGF. In eight days I had my first spawn, and three days later the male spawned with the second female. Over the sand, these fish had been pale and washed-out in appearance. One day after getting over my gravel substrate, they were very colorful. I accredit this more tthe fish's attempt tp blend into the white sand and then the dark gravel, than the texture of the two substrates. In my experience, I have yet to see gravel dark enough in color to approximate the dark bottoms of their native waters. >In my planted tanks, I use a bi-level substrate -- sand above soil. Try that with a >UGF! Another poster (perhaps the originator) to this thread mentioned >using a layer of peat over sand, another thing you couldn't do with a >UGF. No, I perhaps couldn't do sand over soil, but I have done sand over a peat pad. The filter still got the water through both with only air power. A powerhead would probably have helped. I had to run a box filter full of carbon on the side to keep the color down. > Besides, there are filters out there (wet/drys, fluidized bed, > ....) that are so much more efficient and easier to clean than UGFs > that I can't understand their attraction. More efficient? Surely more complex and expensive. As for efficient, I think that is for the most part subjective. And I probably spend less time cleaning my UGFs over the long haul than you do any of the others. And I have never seen a UGF "go sour" as some report experiencing. Okay, I'm done wasting bandwidth. In the end, I think it is a question of what you are trying to achieve and why. I use power filters. I use sponge filters. I have been using UGFs since they came out and will continue to do so, because I have never had anything but good luck with them. I refuse to spend the big bucks folks want for wet/drys or fluidized beds. I don't see the advantages that would justify the expense, at least not for raising dwarf cichlids, angels and killies. Bob PS- Gomberg, are you going to take your turn at flaming me? You are conspicuous in your silence here.