Peat, despite being a solid, has a pH associated with it. Canadian sphagnum peat has a typical pH of 3 to 5. This is the pH that will be obtained when the peat is put in distilled or RO water. BTW, I think some of you are confusing sphagnum moss with sphagnum peat moss. The moss grows in trees, the peat moss is the dead stuff on the ground (actually in peat bogs) composed primarily but not entirely of decomposing sphagnum moss. Also, only the top few millimeters of peat moss are harvested from peat bogs (using giant vacuums), so what you buy in the stores is "young" peat often estimated at 8% or so decomposed. Especially in young peat, the organic acid functional groups will be connected to long molecular chains and hence are not part of soluble solids. Boiling peat will remove some tannic and other acids - some of this occurs simply from hydrolysis which is from the boiling aiding in decomposition. However, the increased surface area obtained from removing all the air from the peat might more than make up for what you lose. If you want peat to have the quickest effect possible on pH and hardness boiling is probably the way to go. Hope this helps. -Doug Brown debrown@kodak.com ------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is the apistogramma mailing list, apisto@majordomo.pobox.com. For instructions on how to subscribe or unsubscribe or get help, email apisto-request@majordomo.pobox.com. Search http://altavista.digital.com for "Apistogramma Mailing List Archives"!