I've been surprised at some of the tales of cross-species aggression. At the moment I have a four foot tank with a pair of mcmasteri, a trio of altispinosa, and a juvenile pair of checkerboards, along with marble hatchets, pencil fish, rummy-nose tetras and ottos. They can push each other around a bit, especially when the mcmasteri spawn, but no damage done. I've had other combinations in the past, including mixing in cacatuoides and ramirezi - though new rams have died of fright just seeing a big alti in the tank. Also had a trio of festive cichlids mixed with checkerboards and rams - though sadly they had to go because of their aggression towards the plants! I can't offer an expert opinion but my own rule of thumb has been to have a carefully landscaped tank in which the floor is divided by a clump of plant or bit of bogwood into several "stages", giving the fish a chance to own their own bit of area out of the line sight of the next. Also, I make sure the different species look clearly different - I've not tried mixing blue rams and bolvian rams again. One further factor that may be key is that the fish are young when they go in so they don't arrive looking for a fight with the established set-up. The crowding thing may also help as when the altispinosa are getting a bit tetchy with each other (two males and one female) the mcmasteri often blunder by and break things up. ------------------------------------------------------------ from John McCrone - Science Writer mail to: j.mccrone@btinternet.com web site: http://www.btinternet.com/~neuronaut/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is the apistogramma mailing list, apisto@listbox.com. For instructions on how to subscribe or unsubscribe or get help, email apisto-request@listbox.com. Search http://altavista.digital.com for "Apistogramma Mailing List Archives"!