I've seen this all too often myself. The fish (more often male, it seems) becomes slightly less active, and less interested in food. His mouth hangs open just a bit -all the time. Over the course of the next few days, his mouth opens more and his breathing becomes more labored. He may or may not show an interest in food, but he rarely actually eats anything. Eventually, his mouth will hang wide open, and gills will be puffing. By then, his body begins to swell and eventually he ends up with all of the classic dropsy symptoms before dying altogether. I've seen this progression to run as quickly as a few days, and as long as a week or week and a half. I tried previously with no luck to treat this with various medicines including Kanacin and others that have been suggested. I have not tried medication immediately upon the first symptom, because it is hard to tell the exact onset. Also, I have found that many of the males that I have witnessed contracting this disease seem to do so right after spawning. It is very strange to watch a female tending a clutch of viable eggs while her male, who was displaying so nicely prior to the spawn is now swelling up and hanging about the tank listlessly. For the record, I have seen this in many apistos, including pandurini, nijsseni (ALWAYS happens to my nijsseni on first or second spawning), cacatuoides, agasizzi, breitbinden, and a few others. I have seen less of it since I put many of my more tolerant apistos (agasizzi, cacatuoides, pandurini, etc.) on tap water only. Don't know if this is a water chemistry thing, or a water quality thing. I tend to do more frequent and larger water changes with only tap because of my limited RO water supply. Tom