richter@erols.com writes: I use a "Discus Buffer" that I bought from "That Fish Place" pretty cheap. Then I give it a squirt of Tetra Black Water Tonic, but not much. Afterwards you can check the PH and adjust with more if you like. Amounts tend to depend on your water. I also use half and half - - tap and RO water. If you are serious about fish, RO water is a necessity and bare bones units are only 80 or 90 bucks. The Discus Buffer goes down to about 5.8 which I find OK for most of my South Americans and my plants. I must admit that there could be some phosphates in it but I have not had much of an algae problem with it. Anyone not using RO has tons of phosphate anyway. Peat is a messy pain in the bog. Besides, I guess I don't mind a bit of algae. The fish pick at it. Regarding the phosphate issue..... Last year, I had a 50 gallon tank with 6 Apistogramma steindachneri and 4 Apistogramma norberti. One by one the fish died within days of owning them. I bought all of them from the same store. Ph was matched to that of the stores using acids PH DOWN with phosphoric acid! at the time of course must have been safe to use all the years except now its not. Hmm. Anyway, used Discus Buffer to lock ph at 6 so should have been no problem yet day by day death every morning. Gills flared, obvious suffocation but from what???So, I brought some water in to be tested slightly angry that a hundred some dollar investment was gone. Water parameters were as follows: PH 6.0 Ammonia: Zero Nitrite: Zero Nitrate: Zero to nill Now what? The fish were healthy, bulky specimens in the holding tanks. Females showing their yellow coloration with the typical threatening poses. What was killing my fish. Can you say phosphate? Too much of a good thing I guess. Checked the phosphates... off the scale. Answered question number one. Now how to fix it. See before I was using tap water at a PH of 7.2 and hardness of 140ppm mixing with R.O. Water with a PH of neutral and 10 ppm hardness. Added PH down to water mixture to lower PH. Than Added Discus buffer. Too much Phosphate. Now I use 50/50 to sometimes closer to straight Reverse Osmosis Water and the deaths of the fish have disappeared for a time. I now agree with Kurt Zadnik's opinion regarding this issue. Soft water first importance than Ph will come later with the use of Tetra Blackwater Tonic or a like product.