Randy Carey wrote: >>Note the different approach Marco uses (from a recent e'mail to this list): Apisto sp 'emerald' seems to be a very colorful population of A. geisleri, a species found near that (Alenquer) locality from several collecting points nearby. If this is true, I would name it A. geisleri 'emerald' or A. geisleri 'Alenquer', but not A. sp. 'emerald'.<< Since Marco's original post mentions a striking similarity between A. geisleri and A. sp. "Alenquer", the right labeling should've been A. sp. aff. geisleri "Alenquer". Other than that I do agree with Randy that we must be very careful when labeling our fish, but is not easy. A good example is the one above. I must add though that the name A. sp. "Alenquer was given by Uwe Romer, a scientist and hobbyist we all respect. On the other hand, if we use names we already know we take the chance of being wrong. Take the A. sp. aff. gephyra "Rio Xingu" for example, Randy and I believe it to be a different species and as result we think that Marco misidentified the fish. What I am trying to say here is that when collecting new fish it is very difficult to label new species and often we fall short of being perfect. About the Apisto sp. "Red Lobes Xingu", although there are some differences I find a striking similarity between the "Red Lobes" and Apisto sp. "Rio-Peixoto" (Aqualog pg. 67). What do you think? Julio Melgar