As far as I know using peat through your filter will lower the pH in your tank, but I don't think it actually lowers the hardness. You need to remove ions from minerals in your water to lower the hardness. In given time the water that has been lowered pH wise will bounce back up to it's original pH. As to boiling the peat that removes some of the tanic acid from the peat. It smells when you do that though and you need to be careful what kind of pot you are using when boiling peat moss. If you run really hot water through the peat when its in a large net this helps some too without having to boil it. Good luck John ------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is the apistogramma mailing list, apisto@majordomo.pobox.com. For instructions on how to subscribe or unsubscribe or get help, email apisto-request@majordomo.pobox.com. Search http://altavista.digital.com for "Apistogramma Mailing List Archives"!