In my experience a heavy stocking density can be a useful tool in keeping aggression to a minimum when breeding. For instance, I no longer try to breed agassizi in pairs. I typically set up one male with about half a dozen females in a 20 long. The females set up their own territories within the male's and they will all spawn with him. They will spar with each other for space, but not to the point of doing damage (dispersed over several fish), and I don't have to pull the male when they spawn, because he is seen as part of the protection and they are busy with the other females. This sort of crowding works very well for me. I've also done this with panduro, cacatuoides, trifasciata, Rio Mamore, and Morado. In all these cases I have only one male. With borelli I can get away with multiple pairs, but that should be done only with certain species. I've found that putting multiple 1:1 pairs in a tank will only lead to problems between pairs trying to establish a territory/subterritory. If you pick a couple compatible types of Apistos and put a group/harem of each in there, you could probably have a successful setup. One thing I would comment on is that the white sand may not be the best. Apistos show up better and are more comfortable on darker substrate in my experience. But, you never know. Zack ------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is the apistogramma mailing list, apisto@listbox.com. For instructions on how to subscribe or unsubscribe or get help, email apisto-request@listbox.com. apisto-digest@listbox.com also available. Web archives at http://lists.thekrib.com/apisto