George writes: If you put in a box filter to remove the dark color, arn't you just removing the tannins that you worked so hard to get? Bob writes: The tannins take on cations like CA and Mg in order to allow the release of the H+ ions that increase acidity. So when the carbon filter takes the tannins out, it takes out the other stuff, not the H+ ions. Does it make any sense using a protein skimmer to clear the water from dissolved organics ? They are fairly easy to build and, although it is more complicated to adjust the flowrate of water and air for optimum performance, even below optimum levels they are very efficient in clearing water in tanks that get lots of frozen food. Is anyone using skimmers in breeding tanks for this purpose ? Peter ------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is the apistogramma mailing list, apisto@listbox.com. For instructions on how to subscribe or unsubscribe or get help, email apisto-request@listbox.com. Search http://altavista.digital.com for "Apistogramma Mailing List Archives"!