Marc Weiss products should be used VERY sparingly. I have done some research on them, and though I won't go into intricate detail, I'll be happy to refer you to another manufacturer of aquarium additives. If you want to add organic stuff to your aquarium, none of which has anything to do with the Amazon, it's up to you. The best "Amazon" additive on the market, IMO, is Kent Marine Blackwater Expert. Not only is the source of tannins and humics EXTREMELY old (hence making it more pure and not full of particulates), but it also contains vitamins that benefit both plants and fish. Phosphate buffers shouldn't be stressful to the fish provided that the aquarium is not overdosed. Yes, algae growth and conductivity are certainly considerations. However, algae growth can be curbed by maintaining a balance of good light, carbon dioxide, and nutrients, as I'm sure you are aware. The use of iron supplements, and even nitrogen supplements, can often force plants to utilize excess phosphate in the water. As far as conductivity, that is a less easily remedied problem. By starting the aquarium with RO or deionized water, you will have very low conductivity to begin (depending on efficiency of the unit). The amount of phosphate in the buffer will increase TDS and conductivity, but as the phosphate is pulled out of solution by plants and turned into cellular material, this process will "reverse". Just some thoughts... Chris *********************************** CR Brightwell snowcat24@juno.com ("}}}}}})>{ *********************************** ------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is the apistogramma mailing list, apisto@listbox.com. For instructions on how to subscribe or unsubscribe or get help, email apisto-request@listbox.com. Search http://altavista.digital.com for "Apistogramma Mailing List Archives"!