The paper cited by Kullander on the Swedish Museum's web site: Carruth, L.L. 2000. Freshwater cichlid Crenicara punctulata is a protogynous sequential hermaphrodite. Copeia 2000: 71-82. is conservative in its conclusions, but does seem to have demonstrated the transformation over and over again. Guess it's up to hobbyists, (Wisconsin hobbyists?) to duplicate the results. Good luck. DAS ------------------------------------------------------------------------- This is the apistogramma mailing list, apisto@listbox.com. For instructions on how to subscribe or unsubscribe or get help, email apisto-request@listbox.com. Search http://altavista.digital.com for "Apistogramma Mailing List Archives"!